Sierra Leone began the second day of a 72-hour nationwide shutdown aimed at containing the spread of the deadly Ebola virus on Saturday amid criticism that the action was a poorly planned publicity stunt.
Most of Sierra Leone’s six million people have been confined to their homes from midnight (0000 GMT) on Friday, with only essential workers such as health professionals and security forces exempt.
Almost 30,000 volunteers are going door-to-door to educate locals and hand out soap, in an exercise expected to lead to scores more patients and bodies being discovered in homes.
But independent observers have voiced concerns over the quality of advice being given out, deeming the shutdown a “mixed success” in the Western Area, the region that includes the capital Freetown.
“While the supervisors were well trained, the visiting teams to families in some parts in the Western Area had poor training and could not deliver the information properly,” said Abubakarr Kamara, from the Health for All Coalition, a local charity.
“From my observation, many of them were too young to be involved in the exercise and in one or two households where I witnessed their intervention, there were hardly messages given to the families which were beneficial to the households.”
A police officer patrols an empty street in Freetown, Sierra Leone, on Sept. 19 as a nationwide three-day curfew begins in a bid to tackle the outbreak of Ebola in the country. European Pressphoto Agency
FREETOWN, Sierra Leone—Sierra Leone confined its six million people to their homes on Friday for the next three days as the Ebola-ravaged West African country began what was believed to be the most sweeping lockdown against disease since the Middle Ages.
In a desperate effort to bring the outbreak under control, thousands of health care workers began going house to house in crowded urban neighborhoods and remote villages, hoping to find and isolate infected people.
President Ernest Bai Koroma urged his countrymen to cooperate.
"The survival and dignity of each and every Sierra Leonean is at stake," he said on Thursday night in an address to the nation.
At a briefing on Tuesday, President Barack Obama said the Ebola virus could infect "hundreds of thousands." He also laid out the plan in detail to combat the deadly outbreak in West Africa. Photo: Getty Images
Health officials said they planned to urge the sick to leave their homes and seek treatment. There was no immediate word on whether people would be forcibly removed, but authorities warned that anyone on the streets during the lockdown without an emergency pass would be subject to arrest.
More than 2,600 people have died in West Africa over the past nine months in thebiggest outbreak of the virus ever recorded, with Sierra Leone accounting for more than 560 of those deaths.
Many fear the crisis will grow far worse, in part because sick people afraid of dying at treatment centers are hiding in their homes, potentially infecting others.
However, international experts warned there might not be enough beds for new patients found during the lockdown, which runs through Sunday.
Most people seemed to be taking the order seriously, and there were no immediate reports of resistance.
"It will protect our country from this dangerous virus," said Ishmail Bangura, a Freetown resident. "Many of our people have died—nurses and doctors, too—so if they ask us to stay home for three days, for me it is not bad."
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Across West Africa, health care workers have been attacked by villagers who accused them of spreading Ebola. Some citizens have also violently resisted efforts to quarantine them.
As the lockdown took effect, wooden tables lay empty at the capital's usually vibrant markets, and only a dog scrounging for food could be seen on one normally crowded street in Freetown.
Amid the heat and frequent power cuts, many residents sat on their front porches, chatting with neighbors.
Ambulances were on standby to bring any sick people to the hospital for isolation. The health care workers also planned to hand out 1.5 million bars of soap and dispense advice on Ebola.
"We hope and pray that when we talk to people they will take it as counseling," said Rebecca Sesay, a community Ebola education team leader. "That is why we are all out here."
The World Health Organization said it has no record of any previous nationwide shutdown of this scale and suggested it hasn't happened since the plague devastated Europe during the Middle Ages.
The closest parallel seems to have been a plague scare in India in 1994, when officials closed off a region around the city of Surat, shutting down schools, offices, movie theaters and banks.
Unicef said the government campaign provides an opportunity to tell people how to protect themselves.
"If people don't have access to the right information, we need to bring lifesaving messages to them, where they live, at their doorsteps," said Roeland Monasch, Unicef representative in Sierra Leone.
In a statement, the U.N. children's agency said the operation needs to be carried out "in a sensitive and respectful manner."
U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told the General Assembly on Friday that the U.N.'s new force to fight Ebola, the U.N. Mission for Ebola Emergency Response, or UNMEER, will be based in Accra, Ghana and will have offices in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.
"The mission will. emphasize community outreach, training and education," Mr. Ban said. "Misunderstandings about the disease and how it is transmitted have hindered the response. Local leaders, including traditional and religious leaders, have important roles to play in raising awareness."
In the latest case of violence against health care workers, six suspects have been arrested in the killings of eight people in Guinea who were on an Ebola education campaign, the Guinean government said Friday.
The victims were attacked by villagers armed with rocks and knives. The dead included three local journalists.
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